Review

The aetiology of idiopathic Parkinson's disease

D B Ramsden¹, R B Parsons¹, S L Ho², R H Waring³

¹ Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Science, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
² Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
³ School of Biochemistry, University of Birmingham

Correspondence to:
Dr Ramsden D.B.Ramsden{at}bham.ac.uk

Agents potentially involved in the aetiology of idiopathic Parkinson's disease are discussed. These include factors regulating dopaminergic neurogenesis (Nurr 1, Ptx-3, and Lmx1b) and related proteins, together with genes involved in familial Parkinson's disease ( synuclein, parkin, and ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydroxylase L1), and endogenous and environmental agents.

Key Words: Parkinson's disease • environmental agents • transcription factors • synuclein • parkin • ubiquitin carboxy terminal hydroxylase L1

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