Nuclear expression of Ki-67, p27Kip1, cyclin D1, and cyclin E in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder in relation to patient and histopathological variables
| Ki-67 | p27Kip1 | Cyclin D1 | Cyclin E | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Values are mean percentage of nuclei positive (SEM and number of cases in parentheses). | ||||
| *By Kuskall-Wallis test; all other p values by Mann-Whitney U test. | ||||
| †Compared with pTa (non-invasive subgroup). | ||||
| All patients | 24.3 (3.2; 51) | 27.7 (3.1; 51) | 14.9 (3.2; 52) | 31.4 (3.3; 51) |
| Age (years) | ||||
| <65 | 38.1 (8.9; 14) | 19.0 (6.3; 14) | 7.7 (5.1; 14) | 23.4 (5.5; 14) |
| ⩾65 | 19.0 (2.3; 37) | 31.1 (3.5; 37) | 17.6 (3.9; 38) | 34.4 (4.0; 37) |
| p Value | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.15 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 23.4 (3.4; 45) | 28.0 (3.4; 45) | 16.3 (3.6; 46) | 32.6 (3.6; 45) |
| Female | 30.5 (7.8; 6) | 25.9 (6.6; 6) | 4.7 (4.7; 6) | 21.9 (7.2; 6) |
| p Value | 0.18 | 0.88 | 0.18 | 0.41 |
| Papillary morphology | ||||
| Present | 16.6 (2.0; 28) | 28.5 (4.0; 28) | 26.3 (4.8; 29) | 31.7 (4.6; 28) |
| Absent | 33.6 (6.0; 23) | 26.8 (5.0; 23) | 0.6 (0.4; 23) | 31.0 (4.9; 23) |
| p Value | 0.031 | 0.69 | <0.0001 | 0.962 |
| Tumour grade | ||||
| G1 | 12.5 (3.9; 7) | 45.7 (7.9; 6) | 32.2 (12.7; 7) | 45.2 (11.7; 7) |
| G2 | 17.2 (2.2; 25) | 27.8 (4.1; 26) | 18.9 (4.6; 26) | 26.4 (4.3; 25) |
| G3 | 37.8 (6.8; 19) | 22.1 (5.2; 19) | 3.1 (2.5; 19) | 32.9 (5.1; 19) |
| p Value | 0.012* | 0.08* | 0.006* | 0.207* |
| Pathological stage | ||||
| pTa | 13.5 (2.7; 14) | 34.2 (6.6; 14) | 25.2 (8.1; 14) | 32.9 (6.7; 14) |
| pT1 | 17.5 (2.7; 18) | 30.4 (4.8; 18) | 16.2 (4.9; 19) | 34.5 (6.7; 18) |
| pT2 | 34.9 (11.0; 7) | 30.7 (9.5; 7) | 14.3 (9.3; 7) | 25.3 (6.5; 7) |
| pT3/4 | 40.6 (8.8; 12) | 14.6 (4.6; 12) | 1.3 (1.1; 12) | 28.6 (5.1; 12) |
| p Value | ||||
| Invasive (⩾pT1) | 28.3 (4.0; 37) | 25.3 (3.4; 37) | 11.1 (3.1; 38) | 30.8 (3.8; 37) |
| p Value | 0.03† | 0.17† | 0.09† | 0.87† |
| Superficial (⩽pT1) | 15.8 (1.9; 32) | 32.1 (3.9; 32) | 20.0 (4.4; 33) | 33.8 (4.7; 32) |
| Muscle invasive (⩾pT2) | 38.5 (6.7; 19) | 20.5 (4.8; 19) | 6.1 (3.6; 19) | 27.4 (3.9; 19) |
| p Value | 0.002 | 0.047 | 0.008 | 0.54 |