Chromosomal losses involving the short arm of chromosome 8 are frequent in a variety of tumor types, including breast cancer, suggesting the presence of one or more tumor suppressor genes in this region. Previous linkage analysis and studies of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) have suggested the presence of a putative third breast cancer susceptibility gene around D8S505 at 8p12-p22. We have performed linkage analysis in two German breast cancer families, showing negative lod scores with 17q and 13q markers, using seven adjacent microsatellite markers from 8p12-p22. Incorporating LOH data from tumors of the affected family members a maximum cumulative three-point lod score of 3.30 at theta = 0.00 was obtained with D8S137 and D8S131. Our findings considerably strengthen the evidence for a third breast cancer susceptibility locus (BRCA3) mapping to the short arm of human chromosome 8.